RAM imayimira Random Access Memory , ndi gawo lamagetsi lofunikira kwambiri lomwe limafunikira kuti kompyuta igwire ntchito, RAM ndi njira yosungira yomwe CPU amagwiritsa ntchito kusunga zomwe zikugwira ntchito kwakanthawi. Itha kupezeka mumitundu yonse yazida zamakompyuta monga Ma Smartphones, ma PC, mapiritsi, maseva, ndi zina.
Popeza kuti chidziwitso kapena deta imapezeka mwachisawawa, nthawi zowerengera ndi kulemba zimathamanga kwambiri poyerekeza ndi njira zina zosungirako monga CD-ROM kapena Hard Disk Drives komwe deta imasungidwa kapena kubwezeretsedwa motsatizana yomwe ili pang'onopang'ono ndondomeko chifukwa chotenga ngakhale pang'ono deta yosungidwa pakati pa ndondomeko yomwe tidzayenera kudutsa muzotsatira zonse.
RAM imafuna mphamvu kuti igwire ntchito, motero zomwe zasungidwa mu RAM zimafufutidwa kompyuta ikangozimitsidwa. Chifukwa chake, amadziwikanso kuti Zosasinthika Memory kapena Kusungirako Kanthawi.
Bolodi ya amayi ikhoza kukhala ndi malo osiyanasiyana okumbukira, ogula ambiri a Motherboard adzakhala ndi pakati pa 2 ndi 4 mwa iwo.
Kuti Data kapena mapulogalamu aphedwe pa kompyuta, ayenera kulowetsedwa mu nkhosa yamphongo poyamba.
Chifukwa chake deta kapena pulogalamuyo imasungidwa koyamba pa hard drive kenako kuchokera pa hard drive, imatengedwa ndikuyikidwa mu RAM. Ikadzazidwa, CPU tsopano ikhoza kupeza deta kapena kuyendetsa pulogalamuyo tsopano.
Pali zambiri zambiri kapena deta yomwe imapezeka kawirikawiri kuposa ena, ngati kukumbukira kuli kochepa kwambiri sikungathe kusunga zonse zomwe CPU ikufunikira. Izi zikachitika ndiye kuti data yochulukirapo imasungidwa pa hard drive kuti ibwezere kukumbukira otsika.
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Chifukwa chake, m'malo mwa data yomwe imachokera ku RAM kupita ku CPU, imayenera kuyichotsa pa hard drive yomwe ili ndi liwiro lofikira pang'onopang'ono, izi zimachepetsa kwambiri kompyuta. Izi zitha kuchitidwa mosavuta powonjezera kuchuluka kwa RAM yomwe ikupezeka kuti kompyuta igwiritse ntchito.
Zamkatimu[ kubisa ]
Mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya RAM
i) DRAM kapena Dynamic RAM
Dram ndi chikumbukiro chomwe chili ndi ma capacitor, omwe ali ngati ndowa yaing'ono yomwe imasungira magetsi, ndipo ili mu ma capacitor awa omwe amasunga chidziwitso. Chifukwa dram ili ndi ma capacitor omwe amafunika kutsitsimutsidwa ndi magetsi nthawi zonse, sakhala ndi ndalama kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa ma capacitor amayenera kutsitsimutsidwa mwamphamvu, ndipamene amapeza dzina. Ukadaulo wamtunduwu wa RAM sugwiritsidwanso ntchito mwachangu chifukwa chopanga ukadaulo wothandiza kwambiri komanso wachangu wa RAM womwe tikambirana m'tsogolomu.
ii) SDRAM kapena Synchronous DRAM
Uwu ndiye ukadaulo wa RAM womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagetsi athu pano. SDRAM ilinso ndi ma capacitor ofanana ndi DRAM, komabe, a kusiyana pakati pa SDRAM ndi DRAM Ndi liwiro, ukadaulo wakale wa DRAM umayenda pang'onopang'ono kapena umagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana kuposa CPU, izi zimapangitsa kuti liwiro losamutsira lichedwe chifukwa ma siginecha samalumikizana.
SDRAM imayenda molumikizana ndi wotchi yamakina, chifukwa chake imathamanga kuposa DRAM. Zizindikiro zonse zimamangiriridwa ku wotchi yadongosolo kuti nthawi yoyendetsedwa bwino.
RAM imalumikizidwa mu bolodi la mavabodi ngati ma module ochotsa omwe amatchedwa SIMMs (Single in-line memory modules) ndi ma DIMM (ma module apawiri am'mizere) . Amatchedwa ma DIMM chifukwa ali ndi mizere iwiri yodziyimira payokha ya mapiniwa imodzi mbali iliyonse pomwe ma SIMM ali ndi mzere umodzi wa mapini mbali imodzi. Mbali iliyonse ya gawo ili ndi 168, 184, 240 kapena 288 pini.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma SIMM kwatha tsopano popeza kukumbukira kwa RAM kuwirikiza kawiri DIMMs .
Ma DIMM awa amabwera mosiyanasiyana kukumbukira, komwe kumakhala pakati pa 128 MB mpaka 2 TB. Ma DIMM amasamutsa ma bits 64 a Data panthawi imodzi poyerekeza ndi ma SIMM omwe amasamutsa ma bits 32 a Data panthawi imodzi.
SDRAM imavoteredwanso pa liwiro losiyana, koma tisanafufuze, tiyeni timvetsetse kuti njira ya data ndi chiyani.
Liwiro la CPU limayesedwa mozungulira koloko, kotero mu koloko imodzi, ma data 32 kapena 64 amasamutsidwa pakati pa CPU ndi RAM, kusamutsa kumeneku kumadziwika kuti njira ya data.
Chifukwa chake kuthamanga kwa wotchi ya CPU kumapangitsa kuti kompyuta ikhale yachangu.
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Momwemonso, ngakhale SDRAM ili ndi liwiro la wotchi pomwe kuwerenga ndi kulemba kumatha kuchitika. Chifukwa chake kuthamanga kwa wotchi ya RAM kumapangitsanso magwiridwe antchito kuti purosesa ichitike mwachangu. Izi zimayesedwa mu kuchuluka kwa mizere yomwe imatha kuwerengedwa mu megahertz. Chifukwa chake, ngati RAM idavotera pa 1600 MHz, imachita kuzungulira kwa 1.6 biliyoni pamphindikati.
Chifukwa chake, tikukhulupirira kuti izi zakuthandizani kumvetsetsa momwe RAM ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yaukadaulo wa RAM imagwirira ntchito.
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